Animal welfare science is a multidisciplinary field of study that seeks to understand the physical and psychological well-being of animals. It applies scientific principles and methods to improve animal welfare, including the prevention and reduction of suffering. Animal welfare science draws on knowledge from fields such as animal behavior, physiology, nutrition, genetics, epidemiology, veterinary medicine, and psychology. It also incorporates ethical considerations about how humans should interact with animals. Research in this field focuses on topics such as animal housing systems, animal transport, humane slaughter methods, pain management during medical procedures, and the effects of environmental enrichment on animals’ behavior.